Fire safety is vital to any home, office, or vehicle. Fire can cause severe damage to property, injuries, or even death. According to the World Health Organization, fire-related deaths account for about 180,000 deaths per year globally. Therefore, having the necessary equipment and knowledge to prevent and fight fires is essential.
The portable fire extinguisher is one of the most common and effective fire-fighting tools containing a pressurized agent that can be sprayed to extinguish fire. They are easy to use, store, transport, and control small fires before they spread.
However, there are different types of fires and extinguishers, and using the wrong one can be dangerous or ineffective. Therefore, knowing how to choose and use a suitable portable fire extinguisher for the situation is essential.
By the end of this article, you will have a comprehensive understanding of portable fire extinguishers and how to use them effectively and safely.
What is a portable fire extinguisher?
A portable fire extinguisher is a device that contains a pressurized agent that can be sprayed on a fire to extinguish it. The agent can be a liquid, a powder, a gas, or a foam that works by either cooling, smothering, or interrupting the chemical reaction of the fire.
Anyone can use portable fire extinguishers during a fire emergency as they are small, lightweight, and easy to handle and can be stored and carried in various places, such as homes, offices, cars, boats, and planes. They can be mounted on walls, cabinets, or vehicles or placed in accessible locations.
Portable fire extinguishers are intended for small localized fires and are only effective if appropriately used before the fire becomes uncontrollable.
Significance of Portable Fire Extinguishers
- They can save lives and property by controlling small fires before they spread.
- Reduce the risk of fire-related injuries, burns, smoke inhalation, and death by minimizing exposure to fire and its effects.
- Reduce the environmental and economic impacts of fire-related incidents.
- Enhances people’s fire safety awareness and preparedness by providing them with a simple and effective fire-fighting tool and encouraging them to learn and practice how to use it.
Types of Fires and Suitable Extinguishers
Fires are classified into different classes based on the burning material. Each type of fire has different characteristics, behaviors, and hazards. Therefore, each type of fire requires a different kind of extinguisher to put out.
The following are the common types of fires and the suitable extinguishers for each one:
- Class A fires:
These fires occur through combustible materials like wood, paper, cloth, rubber, and plastic and can be extinguished by water, foam, or dry chemical extinguishers. The extinguishers are labeled with a green triangle with the letter A.
- Class B fires:
These fires are triggered by flammable liquids like gasoline, oil, paint, and alcohol and can be extinguished by foam, dry chemicals, or carbon dioxide extinguishers. They are labeled with a red square with the letter B.
- Class C fires:
These fires are caused by energized electrical equipment, such as wires, appliances, computers, and generators. Dry chemical or carbon dioxide extinguishers labeled with a blue circle with the letter C can extinguish these fires.
- Class D fires:
These fires involve combustible metals like magnesium, aluminum, and titanium. These fires can be extinguished by special dry powder extinguishers designed for specific metals. The extinguishers are labeled with a yellow star with the letter D.
- Class K fires:
These fires involve cooking oils and fats, such as vegetable oil, animal fat, and grease. Wet chemical extinguishers can extinguish them by creating a foam layer to smother the fire. These extinguishers are labeled with a black hexagon with the letter K.
Some extinguishers are multi-purpose and can be used for more than one type of fire. For example, a dry chemical extinguisher can be used for class A, B, and C fires. It is essential to use the correct type of extinguisher for the fire. Using the wrong type of extinguisher can be dangerous.
Factors To Consider When Choosing the Portable Fire Extinguisher
Choosing the right portable fire extinguisher depends on several factors, such as:
1. The type of fire:
Different types of fire require different extinguishers. Choose an extinguisher that matches the fire you will likely encounter in your location. Have a class K extinguisher for cooking oil and fat fires in a kitchen and a class B extinguisher in a garage for flammable liquid fires.
2. The size of the fire:
The size of the fire determines the amount of agent and the duration of discharge needed to extinguish. The most appropriate extinguisher has enough capacity and pressure to cover the fire area and last long enough to put it out. If you live in a large room with multiple fire sources, have a large extinguisher with a high rating and a long discharge time, while those in a small space can have a small extinguisher.
3. The ease of use:
A fire extinguisher should be simple and convenient to operate and handle. If you are in a car, have a compact and lightweight extinguisher that can be stored and reached quickly. If you are in an office, have a visible and accessible extinguisher that can be activated quickly and safely.
4. The maintenance and inspection:
Choose a durable, reliable extinguisher requiring minimal maintenance and inspection. For example, in a remote environment, have a sturdy and sealed extinguisher that can withstand the conditions and does not need frequent refilling. Those in a regulated environment can have a certified and compliant extinguisher that meets the standards and regulations and can be inspected and serviced regularly.
Best 4 Portable Fire Extinguishers
Many portable fire extinguishers are available on the market, but not all are effective, reliable, or suitable for your needs. To help you choose the best portable fire extinguisher, we have reviewed and compared the top 4 portable fire extinguishers you can buy on Amazon in 2024.
Here are our recommendations:
1. Portable 45 LB Pack Of 15 Large Fire Extinguisher Ball, Quick Fire Off/Automatic Fire Extinguishing Fire Suppression Device with Bracket for House, Car, Kitchen, Garage, And home
This product is a pack of 15 fire extinguisher balls that can extinguish various types of fires, such as class A, B, C, and E. The fire extinguisher balls are made of a dry chemical powder that is activated by heat and releases a fire-fighting agent when thrown into a fire.
The fire extinguisher balls can also self-activate and burst when exposed to a fire for more than 3 seconds, creating a loud noise and a flash that can alert people and scare away animals. The fire extinguisher balls are easy to use, store, and transport. They come with a bracket that can be mounted on walls, ceilings, or vehicles. They are suitable for homes, cars, kitchens, garages, and other places where fires may occur.
Pros:
- The fire extinguisher balls are versatile and can be used for multiple types of fires.
- The fire extinguisher balls are convenient and can be thrown or rolled into a fire from a safe distance or self-activate when exposed to a fire.
- The fire extinguisher balls are effective and can extinguish a fire within 3 to 5 seconds, covering an area of 86 to 107 square feet.
- The fire extinguisher balls are durable and have a shelf life of 5 years.
Cons:
- They are expensive and cost $1,199.99 for a pack of 15.
- They are heavy and weigh 45 pounds for a pack of 15.
2. Fire Blanket Fiberglass Fire Emergency Blanket Flame Retardant Fire Suppression Blanket Fireproof Emergency Survival Safety Cover for Kitchen Home Car Office Camping, 39 x 39 Inch (Red,20 Pack)
The 15-Pack Fire Blanket is a crucial safety device designed for emergencies, offering versatile protection for various environments, including kitchens, fireplaces, grills, cars, offices, and camping sites. Measuring approximately 39 x 39 inches, this collection of fire safety blankets is crafted from quality fire-resistant rebound fiberglass, ensuring reliable flame-retardant capabilities.
Key Features:
- Packed with 15 fire safety blankets, providing extensive coverage for multiple locations.
- Composed of two layers of fiberglass fabric and an inner flame-retardant sheet, capable of resisting temperatures up to 550 degrees Celsius or 1022 Fahrenheit.
- Easy to Use: Pull the tab, spread the blanket over the fire, and let it sit for a few seconds to smother the flames. Suitable for various fire types, including liquid and grease fires.
- They are non-toxic and conveniently packaged, making them easy to store and taking up minimal space.
- Quick to open for emergency use.
- Versatile, suitable for different environments and fire scenarios, offering preventive measures and protection.
Benefits:
- With 15 fire safety blankets, users can ensure ample coverage in multiple locations, enhancing overall safety.
- Capable of withstanding temperatures up to 550 degrees Celsius, providing effective protection in various fire situations.
- Compact and easy to store, making it a practical and accessible safety solution.
- Simple pull-tab activation and quick deployment make these blankets user-friendly in emergency situations.
- Suitable for a wide range of fires, including liquid and grease fires, making it an ideal safety tool for diverse environments.
Potential Drawbacks:
- While effective, each blanket may only be used once, necessitating the purchase of replacements after use.
What We Liked Most
The convenience and versatility of the 15-Pack Fire Blanket stand out, providing users with a compact and easily deployable safety solution. Its extensive coverage, high-temperature resistance, and user-friendly design make it a valuable addition to home and workplace safety measures.
Product Information:
- Material: Fiberglass
- Color: Red
- Size: 39 x 39 inches
3. First Alert EZ Fire Spray, Extinguishing Aerosol Spray, Pack of 2, AF400-2
The First Alert EZ Fire Spray Portable Fire Extinguisher is a game-changer in home fire safety. Designed to provide an extended fire-fighting time, this extinguisher delivers a remarkable 32 seconds of discharge, four times longer than traditional fire extinguishers. Its lightweight aerosol can design ensures ease of use and makes it an ideal choice for various spaces, including kitchens, garages, boats, RVs, dorms, and more. This versatile fire safety tool can extinguish paper, fabric, wood, grease, and electrical fires.
Key Features:
- Thirty-two seconds of fire-fighting time, outperforming traditional extinguishers.
- The light aerosol can is easy to hold, carry, and use in emergency situations.
- Effectively tackles fires involving paper, fabric, wood, grease, and electrical sources.
- The extinguishing formula is environmentally friendly and safe.
- Backed by a 3-year limited warranty.
Benefits:
- Extended Discharge Time: 32 seconds of fire-fighting time, surpassing traditional extinguishers.
- Lightweight Design: Easy to handle, carry, and use, even in high-stress situations.
- Multi-Purpose Functionality: Effectively tackles fires involving paper, fabric, wood, grease, and electrical sources.
- Biodegradable and Non-toxic Formula: Environmentally friendly and safe for users.
- Warranty Assurance: Backed by a 3-year limited warranty, providing peace of mind.
Potential Drawbacks:
- Limited Coverage Area: It may not be suitable for large-scale fires; users should assess specific needs.
4. FIRST ALERT AUTO5 Car Fire Extinguisher, FESA5, UL RATED 5-B:C, Red, 1-Pack
The First Alert Auto5 Car Fire Extinguisher, designated FESA5, is a reliable and compact safety tool for vehicular fire emergencies. With a UL Rating of 5-B: C, this 1-Pack extinguisher can handle various fire types commonly encountered in automotive settings.
Key Features:
- Engineered to meet demanding needs, the metal head ensures durability and long-lasting performance.
- The color-coded gauge is easily read, providing accurate measurements while resisting corrosion.
- Equipped with a safety seal to prevent accidental discharge and discourage tampering, ensuring reliability in critical moments.
- The package includes a secure extinguisher mount, bracket, and strap, ensuring stable placement within the vehicle.
- Easy-to-follow instructions with a label resistant to chemicals and water, featuring a 4-step guide that won’t deteriorate over time.
Benefits:
- Automotive Tailored Design: Specifically designed for car environments, addressing the unique fire risks associated with vehicles.
- Durable Construction: The metal head and corrosion-resistant gauge ensure longevity and reliability.
- Secure Placement: The included mount, bracket, and strap provide a secure and accessible location for the extinguisher within the vehicle.
- Clear Instructions: Chemical-resistant and waterproof instructions ensure easy understanding and usage in emergency situations.
Potential Drawbacks
- Single Use: Like many compact fire extinguishers, this model may be for single use only, requiring replacement after discharge.
What We Liked Most
The First Alert Auto5 Car Fire Extinguisher impresses with its tailored design, combining durability, clear instructions, and the backing of a trusted brand. Including a secure mounting system enhances its accessibility and readiness in critical situations.
Product Information:
- Manufacturer: First Alert
- Model Number: FESA5
- UL Rating: 5-B: C
- Colour: Red
- Package Quantity: 1-Pack
How to operate Portable Fire Extinguishers
Operating portable fire extinguishers is not difficult, but it requires some basic knowledge and skills. Always follow the instructions and warnings on the label of the extinguisher and the general guidelines below:
- Ensure the fire is small, confined, and not spreading. If the fire is too large, evacuate and call the fire department.
- Have a clear and safe exit path. If the fire blocks your escape route, do not attempt to fight the fire. Leave the area and close the door behind you.
- Have the right type of extinguisher for the type of fire. Check the label and the color code of the extinguisher and match it with the type of fire. Do not use the wrong type of extinguisher.
- To use a portable fire extinguisher, follow the PASS technique for Pull, Aim, Squeeze, and Sweep.
Here are the steps:
- Pull the pin of the extinguisher to unlock the valve or the nozzle.
- Aim the nozzle at the fire’s base, not at the flames. Stand at a safe distance from the fire, usually 6 to 10 feet, depending on the type and size of the extinguisher.
- Squeeze the lever or the handle of the extinguisher to release the agent. Do not release the lever until the agent is fully discharged.
- Sweep the nozzle from side to side, covering the entire fire area with the agent. Move closer to the fire as it diminishes.
- Ensure that the fire is completely out and that no hot spots can reignite the fire. If the fire rekindles, use another extinguisher or call the fire department.
- After using a portable fire extinguisher, dispose used extinguisher properly. Do not reuse or refill the extinguisher yourself unless it is designed to be reusable or refillable.
Also find out how to use a fire blanket.
Safety Precautions
- Do not use a portable fire extinguisher if you are not trained. Seek help from someone trained or call the fire department.
- Do not use it if you are not physically able or comfortable to handle it.
- Do not use it if you have a medical condition or a disability that can impair your vision, hearing, breathing, or mobility.
- Do not use under the influence of alcohol, drugs, or medication that can impair your judgment, reaction, or coordination.
- Do not use if the fire is too hot, smoky, or toxic. If you feel any signs of heat exhaustion, smoke inhalation, or poisoning, such as dizziness, nausea, coughing, or difficulty breathing, stop using the extinguisher and get out of the area.
- Do not use if the fire involves hazardous materials, such as explosives, chemicals, or radioactive substances. These materials can react with the agent or create additional hazards. Leave the area and call the fire department and the appropriate authorities.
- Do not use a portable fire extinguisher if the fire involves flammable gases, such as propane, natural gas, or hydrogen. These gases can ignite or explode if exposed to the agent or the air. If possible, turn off the gas supply and use a dry chemical or a carbon dioxide extinguisher.
FAQs
- What are the 5 portable fire extinguishers?
The five portable fire extinguishers cater to distinct fire classes. Water extinguishers, filled with water, combat class A fires by cooling and reducing the fire’s temperature. Using foam as the agent, foam extinguishers tackle class A and B fires by smothering flames and creating an oxygen barrier. Dry chemical extinguishers containing a powder interrupt the chemical reaction in class A, B, and C fires. Carbon dioxide extinguishers, employing CO2, displace oxygen in class B and C fires. Wet chemical extinguishers with a wet chemical agent combat class K fires by creating a smothering foam layer for cooking oils and fats, preventing re-ignition.
- What is the difference between a portable and a mobile fire extinguisher?
A portable fire extinguisher is a compact, lightweight device for easy handling and versatile storage in homes, offices, vehicles, or aircraft. It can be mounted on surfaces and intended for small, localized fires. A mobile fire extinguisher is larger, heavier, and equipped with wheels for transport on vehicles like trucks or trailers.
- How do I identify a portable fire extinguisher?
To identify a portable fire extinguisher, examine its label and color code. The label typically includes the manufacturer’s name and address, extinguisher type and capacity, agent type and amount, operating instructions, warnings, rating, classification, and manufacturing or servicing date.
- What are two types of fires where portable water extinguishers should not be used?
Avoid using portable water extinguishers on Class B fires (involving flammable liquids like gasoline), as water can worsen these fires, potentially causing explosions. Similarly, using water for Class C fires (involving energized electrical equipment) can lead to electrocution or short circuits due to its conductivity.
Conclusion
Portable fire extinguishers are essential fire-fighting tools that can save lives and property by controlling small fires before they spread. However, there are different types of fires and extinguishers, and using the wrong one can be dangerous. Therefore, knowing how to choose and use the right portable fire extinguisher.
We hope this article has helped you understand portable fire extinguishers and how to use them effectively and safely. Remember, portable fire extinguishers are only effective if used properly and promptly before the fire grows out of control. If you are in doubt, do not hesitate to call the fire department and seek professional help. Stay safe and fire smart.